Changes
On April 22, 2020 at 11:16:29 AM +0800,
張耘書:
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Updated description of 清代東部後山圖 from
關於後山崇爻形勢的記載，可溯及至藍鼎元《東征集》所記，康熙32年（1693）陳文、林侃等人因風漂流到後山崇爻一帶，前後居住年餘，略通番語，因熟知水路而往返。康熙34年（1695），大雞籠通事賴科、潘冬等七人晝伏夜出，度越重山，從陸路抵達崇爻，受到各番社款待，並促成招撫嚮化。而新撫的崇爻諸社附於阿里山社，次年，南路卑南覓等65社亦歸附納餉。無論是透過水路或者陸路，到東部交易的人數日增，除了官方以極具統治意涵的「番社餉」作為治理手段外，民間的社商或者私出貿易者，也常用蟒甲載貨進入番社，用布、煙、鹽、鍋釜、農具與之貿易。 《諸羅縣志》記載了相當篇幅西部平原上平埔族的風俗或番社，當時的崇爻九社，雖是山後番社，但因歸附納餉，故列入諸羅縣轄內；又如東北山後的蛤仔難三十六社、哆囉滿、直加宣等社因多生番未輸貢賦者，故其地名分註於「山川」，其事見於「外紀」，並未收入正文中。崇爻九社，於今都可辨識，其中水輦一社後因遭疫沒盡，社散人去，崇爻九社，實剩八社。而此九社，多屬於阿美族聚落，分佈於今花蓮市、花東縱谷與東海岸一帶，是漢人經北路前往後山最先接觸的番社，也是該區具有代表性的大社，例如竹腳宣社其勢力甚至到日治時期才為日人所消減。
to此圖亦是收錄在「臺灣輿圖並說」，由夏獻綸審定，余寵、王熊彪繪圖。不同於「光緒輿圖並說臺灣後山總圖」，此圖的範圍包括了整個臺灣島，各類地名平均羅列於全島，種類繁多。相關番社的標註，四分之三分佈於卑南廳，少許在恆春縣與埔里社廳，前山地區幾乎不見以「社」為名的標示，可能與後山一帶漢人拓墾未久，尚有新墾地與番社並存的實際狀況有關。相較於清初地圖，東部後山漢人聚落點的明顯增加，無論是軍事營哨或者草寮坑埔，可清楚明見漢人於後山拓墾據點擴散，特別是花蓮北部、中部一帶。 相較於『光緒輿圖並說臺灣後山總圖』，此圖上的番社標示較為精簡，不像後山總圖有卑南溪以南以及花東海岸詳細的部落記載，前後山總圖僅約略註記該區具代表性的大社。且圖上記載處多為道路兩側的聚落點，隨著道路的開發或者港口的通運，其腹地或者相鄰處，往往就是人群的盤據點。從分佈點來看，當時的後山，除了山區據點仍屬稀疏外，平原或河谷地區多屬人跡可達，且民番雜處，各有各的生活空間與屬地範圍。
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| 227 | "type": "dataset", | 227 | "type": "dataset", | ||
| 228 | "url": null, | 228 | "url": null, | ||
| 229 | "version": null, | 229 | "version": null, | ||
| t | 230 | "x_max": "121.71588141471149", | t | 230 | "x_max": "122.31738321483138", |
| 231 | "x_min": "121.13360602408649", | 231 | "x_min": "120.55957071483137", | ||
| 232 | "y_max": "24.094644282188437", | 232 | "y_max": "25.185307371306", | ||
| 233 | "y_min": "23.25550973510516" | 233 | "y_min": "21.71893365804184" | ||
| 234 | } | 234 | } |