泥岩惡地農塘分佈變遷及影響因子之研究
URL: https://thesis.lib.ncku.edu.tw/thesis/detail/2e25942594d4114431cb4f01ba3a589a/?seq=6
在亞洲農業發展史上,農塘呈現出農民古老而巧妙的技術和方法的智慧結晶,體現農業遺產系統中對水因地制宜的管理與應用。台灣西南泥岩惡地聚落居民常因泥岩惡地自然環境之特殊性與泥岩惡地農業發展之艱辛,因地制宜而挖掘成池,造成農塘之遍佈景象,也使得其農塘在地理分佈、地質環境、功能演變以及發展歷史上與平原台地地區農塘存在諸多不同特徵與研究價值。但近年來因受到都市化的經濟衝擊與少子化的困擾,泥岩惡地之人口減少、農業沒落,致使農塘荒廢消亡情況日趨嚴重,故基於泥岩惡地農塘的特殊性與調查研究之缺乏,探究其分佈變遷之原因。
本研究以西南泥岩惡地的農塘為研究對象,研究範圍包括台南、高雄地區青灰泥岩惡地分佈的七個鄉鎮區,主要以文本分析、敘述性統計、疊圖分析及邏輯斯迴歸分析相結合的方法,針對研究地區2007年至2015年間農塘的形態、分佈、五種變遷類型的特性、規律及其影響因子進行分析。基於對台灣農塘發展歷史、變遷與保存的文本分析,歸納出農塘變遷的形態、自然、社會與政策構面影響因子;利用敘述性統計來了解農塘特性與分佈、變遷之特徵;透過疊圖分析來視覺化展現農塘分佈與變遷之影響因子的初步判斷;結合邏輯斯迴歸分析,探討不同變遷類型與農塘形態構面、自然構面、社會構面、政策構面影響因子之間的相關性,來驗證疊圖分析與敘述性統計之判斷,確定對於農塘變遷具有顯著性的影響因子。
透過敘述性統計得知,消失類型農塘具有面積大、周長長、形狀複雜等特點,且常位於低海拔低坡度之平緩地區。結合疊圖與邏輯斯迴歸分析之結論得知,海拔低、降水多、氣溫低與泥岩惡地地質成為影響農塘消失與縮小的重要自然構面因子;而社會構面因農作面積的減少、果樹與旱作面積的增加、人口外遷之加劇,將使得農塘趨於消亡之威脅;自來水水質水量保護區與保安林的法規與管理辦法等政策構面因子,對於禁止農業開墾與退耕還林的嚴格執行,使農塘消亡情況加劇。本研究從全球重要農業遺產系統保存的角度出發,考量消失、縮小類型泥岩惡地農塘的分佈特徵,了解其消亡變遷趨勢與顯著性影響因子,以協助理解泥岩惡地農塘作為農業遺產之迫切性,並針對致使農塘消亡的影響因子提出相關監測、管理及永續利用之建議,以體現農塘與在地農業生產、觀光遊憩、保育防災的保存與再生之意義。
In the history of agricultural development in Asia, farm ponds represent the traditional and ingenious techniques of farmers and reflect the management and application of water in the agricultural heritage system based on local conditions. Residents in Taiwan's mudstone badlands often dig out ponds for the convenience or the need for agricultural development, resulting in the prevalence of farm ponds in the region. Compared with the farm ponds in the plains, those in the badlands have their characteristics and significance in terms of geographical distribution, functional evolution, geological environment, and status in current research.
This study investigates the farm ponds in the mudstone badlands, which cover seven townships in Tainan and Kaohsiung with a geological distribution of mudstone. The study utilises the methods of literature review, descriptive statistics, overlay analysis, and logistic regression to analyse the characteristics, distributions, and the transformation of five types of farm ponds in the designated areas from 2007 to 2015, as well as their influencing factors. A review of the historical data on Taiwan's farm ponds shows that their development, transformation, and preservation are affected by three main dimensions: environmental, social, and policy/regulatory. The descriptive statistics illustrate the characteristics, distribution, and transformations of the ponds. The overlay analysis visualizes the preliminary influencing factors of the distribution and transformations of the ponds. Finally, the logistic regression results demonstrate a significant correlation between the various types of transformations, the characteristics of the farm ponds, and the influencing environmental and social factors. These results verify the findings from the overlay analysis and the descriptive statistics and identify the factors that have significant effects on the transformations of the ponds.
From the perspective of preserving globally important agricultural heritage systems, this study considers the characteristics of the distribution of the disappearing and shrinking mudstone farm ponds and concludes the trend and significant influencing factors of their demise, which helps us understand the urgency of preserving mudstone ponds as agricultural heritage. The study presents proposals for the monitoring, management, and sustainable use of the ponds to forge a better relationship between the ponds and the local agricultural production, tourism industry, conservation, and disaster prevention.
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Last updated | May 4, 2022 |
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Created | May 4, 2022 |
Format | unknown |
License | CC-BY-NC-SA 4.0 |